C++分离主函数与类方法、类定义

发布于 2021-01-08  467 次阅读


一、目的

将整合在一起的cpp文件分开,为大项目集成模块化做准备。原始代码结构:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Circle
{
private:
    double r;
    double PI = 3.14159265358;

public:
    //构造函数
    Circle();
    Circle(double radiuas);
    ~Circle();
    double getArea();
    double getCir();
};

//构造函数
Circle::Circle()
{
    this->r = 1;
    cout << "无参构造函数" << endl;
}
Circle::Circle(double radiuas)
{
    this->r = radiuas;
    cout << "有参构造函数" << endl;
}

Circle::~Circle()
{
    cout << "析构释放内存" << endl;
}

double Circle::getArea()
{
    return PI * this->r * this->r;
}

double Circle::getCir()
{
    return 2 * this->PI * this->r;
}

//主函数
int main()
        {
    Circle cir;
    Circle cle(4);
    cout << "第一类对象面积:" << cir.getArea() << " 周长:" << cir.getCir() << endl;
    cout << "第二类对象面积:" << cle.getArea() << " 周长:" << cle.getCir() << endl;
    cin.get();

        }

二、分离

分离的架构如下:

file

总共三个文件:主函数文件、类属性头文件、类方法定义文件

头函数:定义类的属性、方法等,注意文件名

#pragma once
//#ifndef _CIRCLE_H
#define _CIRCLE_H

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Circle
{
private:
    double r;
    double PI = 3.14159265358;

public:
    //构造函数
    Circle();
    Circle(double radiuas);
    ~Circle();
    double getArea();
    double getCir();
};

函数定义:先引入头函数定义的属性及方法,随后在一个单独的文件中具体定义方法执行

#include "Circle.h"

using namespace std;

//构造函数
Circle::Circle()
{
    this->r = 1;
    cout << "无参构造函数" << endl;
}
Circle::Circle(double radiuas)
{
    this->r = radiuas;
    cout << "有参构造函数" << endl;
}

Circle::~Circle()
{
    cout << "析构释放内存" << endl;
}

double Circle::getArea()
{
    return PI * this->r * this->r;
}

double Circle::getCir()
{
    return 2 * this->PI * this->r;
}

主函数:引入头函数

#include <iostream>
#include "Circle.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
        {
    Circle cir;
    Circle cle(4);
    cout << "第一类对象面积:" << cir.getArea() << " 周长:" << cir.getCir() << endl;
    cout << "第二类对象面积:" << cle.getArea() << " 周长:" << cle.getCir() << endl;
    cin.get();

        }

三、执行

正常执行:
file